Tus naj npawb ntawm cov khw muag khoom tau nce ntau heev hauv kaum xyoo dhau los. Tsis muaj leej twg muaj kev ua xyem xyav - nyeem ntawv yog poob rau kev zam dua. Txawm li cas los xij, tib neeg nyeem, raws li txoj cai, pom cov neeg sau lossis cov ntawv sau tseg ntawm cov ntawv qhuas, thiab txawm tias tsis yog txhua ntawm lawv. Nws yog qhov nyuaj heev los txhawb phau ntawv los ntawm tus sau tsis paub. Yuav ua li cas yuav ua rau nws?
Cov Lus Qhia
Kauj ruam 1
Phau ntawv, zoo li ib yam khoom lag luam, xav tau kev tshaj tawm. Tej zaum ib tug neeg yuav raug teeb meem los ntawm qhov tseeb tias phau ntawv tuaj yeem suav tias yog cov khoom lag luam txhua, tab sis qhov tseeb tseem nyob: nyob hauv kev sib raug zoo hauv kev ua lag luam, yuav luag txhua yam tuaj yeem hu ua khoom muag. Yog li ntawd, phau ntawv yuav tsum raug txhawb nqa tib yam li lwm yam khoom muag - tau kawg, raug rau qee yam kev mob.
Kauj ruam 2
Ib phau ntawv, txawm rau kev nyeem ntawv nyiam, tsis yog qhov khoom tseem ceeb, yog li nws ua rau tsis muaj peev xwm xav tias yuav muaj kev muag khoom siab tom qab ib lossis ob txoj kev tshaj tawm. Kev nce qib ntawm phau ntawv yog qhov ntev dua. Cov ntawv tshaj tawm tsis nyob ntev ntawm cov khoom txee, ib qho tuaj yeem nco qab tsawg kawg tus kws sau ntawv Haruki Murakami. Mus txog xyoo 2002, nws cov ntawv sau ua ke muaj plua plav rau ntawm lub rhawv, txij li tsis muaj leej twg paub txog nws. Tom qab ntawd, tom qab muaj kev tshaj tawm xov xwm tshaj tawm, nws dhau los ua ib tus neeg nyiam sau ntawv ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas. Tam sim no, txawm hais tias nws tseem sau ntxiv, nws cov koob meej tseem tsawg. Thawj phau ntawv uas yog cov tub ntxhais hluas zoo siab heev nyob rau xyoo 2002-2003 nrhiav tsis tau txhua.
Kauj ruam 3
Txhua phau ntawv nws muaj nws lub hom phiaj cov neeg tuaj saib. Nrov cov lus xav hauv nruab siab thiab cov dab neeg tshawb pom tau nyeem feem ntau los ntawm cov poj niam uas muaj hnub nyoog laus, kev ua yeeb yam science thiab kev npau suav yog nyeem los ntawm cov hluas thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas, cov kws sau ntawv paub txij li lub sijhawm Soviet (Kabakova, Petsukha, Aksenova) yog cov tib neeg nruab nrab, cov neeg sau ntawv tshiab yog cov. cov tub ntxhais kawm thiab cov tub txawg tub ntse. Txhawm rau txhawb phau ntawv, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav tau txhais nws cov hom phiaj rau cov neeg siv khoom. Cov hau kev ntawm kev tshaj tawm phau ntawv yog nyob ntawm seb cov neeg tuaj saib zoo li cas.
Kauj ruam 4
Rau cov neeg uas tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tsim txoj hauv kev zoo los txhawb nqa cov phau ntawv, tshaj tawm hauv kev tsheb ciav hlau yog qhov tsim nyog. Ntau ntawm peb tau pom cov tshaj tawm xws li "Ustinov zoo siab … los ntawm tshiab tshiab ntawm tus kws sau ntawv NN". Kev txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem xaj los ntawm cov xov xwm luam tawm zoo (piv txwv, hauv Literaturnaya Gazeta lossis txawm nyob hauv Kommersant). Hauv cov khw muag khoom, phau ntawv yuav tsum yog ntawm cov neeg muag khoom zoo, zoo tshaj plaws nrog txhua tus cim "peb pom zoo".
Kauj ruam 5
Tab sis feem ntau ntawm cov tsis paub zoo los ntawm cov kws sau ntawv lossis cov neeg uas xav txhawb cov phau ntawv ntawm cov kws sau ntawv ntawd tsis muaj kev siv nyiaj txiag txaus. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, koj yuav tsum siv cov kev siv qis dua, tab sis kuj qee zaum cov qauv ua tau zoo heev. Qhov no yog, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, kev nce qib hauv Is Taws Nem - kev tsim cov pab pawg hauv kev tes hauj lwm, sib tham txog lawv cov ncauj lus, tshaj tawm kev tshaj tawm, thiab lwm yam. Qee zaum cov kws sau ntawv lossis cov uas xav tau los txhawb nqa cov phau ntawv siv ntau cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb: lawv pom zoo rau kev tswj hwm ntawm cov khw kas fes kom lawv muaj lawv phau ntawv (lossis tshooj los ntawm lawv) rau ntawm cov kab, ywj siab faib tshooj ntawm lawv cov phau ntawv hauv khw lossis ze lawv. Kev faib tawm yog ua tiav tsis pub dawb, raws li txoj cai, txhawm rau tus nyeem ntawv txaus siab thiab yuav tag nrho phau ntawv txhawm rau txhawm rau nrhiav cov txuas ntxiv ntawm dab tsi tau piav nyob rau hauv nws. Tsis txhob hnov qab txog lub qhov ncauj ntawm lo lus - qhov no yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo ntawm txhua tus neeg mob. Ua ntej, koj tus neeg paub yuav nyeem phau ntawv, tom qab ntawd qhia nws rau lawv cov phooj ywg, thiab lwm yam. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas lawv nyiam txog ntaub ntawv.
