Rov qab mus rau kev ntseeg nrov, kev tshaj tawm yog tsis muaj txiaj ntsig li xyoo pua nees nkaum xyoo. Nws tau muaj txij li puag thaum ub, txij li lub sijhawm thaum cov neeg lag luam xav tias yuav tsum tau nce muag ntawm lawv cov khoom. Txij thaum ntawd, cov xov xwm tau hloov pauv, cov txuj ci tshiab tau tshwm sim, kev tshaj tawm tau nrhiav cov ntawv tshiab thiab cov chaw xa khoom, tab sis nws lub hom phiaj, qhov tseeb, tseem nyob li qub.
Cov ntawv tshaj tawm yooj yim sau rau ntawm papyrus hnub rov qab mus rau tim lyiv teb chaws thaum ub. Yog li, cov kws tshawb xyuas txheej thaud nrhiav tau daim ntawv papyrus uas muaj ib qho kev yuav rau cov tub qhe.
Kev tshaj tawm kuj tseem muaj nyob hauv tebchaws Greek puag thaum ub. Thaum lub sij hawm khawb hauv Memphis, ib qho kev kos ntawv raug pom pom txua ntoo. Hauv nws, Minos of Crete muaj cov kev pab cuam txhais npau suav. Nws yog qhov xav paub tias lub npe ntawm tus txheej txheem thaum ub "psychic" thiab tus huab tais legendary Cretan sib xws. Puas yog nws, raws li lawv xav hais tam sim no, hom "npe nrov"?
Piv nrog rau tim lyiv teb chaws, lub tebchaws Greek thaum ub muaj ntau yam tshaj tawm hauv xov xwm, xws li pob zeb, ntoo, pob txha, thiab hlau. Thawj cov lus qhia kuj tau tshwm sim nyob ntawd, uas nyeem txhua yam ntaub ntawv ntawm cov xwm fab xwm fab xwm meem, suav nrog cov khoom lag luam thiab cov kev pabcuam. Tom qab kev tsim thiab nthuav tawm ntawm kev sau ntawv, tshaj tawm tau pib tshwm sim hauv cov ntawv ntawm cov ntawv sau, feem ntau ntxiv nrog cov duab kos.
Lub laj kam luam tawm
Nyob ib ncig ntawm 1440, lub tshuab luam ntawv luam tau tsim los ntawm Johannes Gutenberg. 22 xyoos tom qab qhov kev tshwm sim no, thawj daim ntawv tshaj tawm tshaj tawm hauv tebchaws Askiv. Nws dai rau ntawm lub qhov rooj ntawm London pawg ntseeg thiab muaj cov ntawv sau los yuav phau ntawv thov. Txij xyoo 1466, cov phau ntawv tshaj tawm pib siv cov ntawv tshaj tawm, tshaj tawm cov lus tshaj tawm rau muag cov phau ntawv ntawm qhov rooj nkag ntawm cov tuam tsev, tsev kawm qib siab thiab tsev so.
Xyoo 1629, lub npe chaw lis haujlwm nyob hauv Paris, uas tau los ua, qhov tseeb, thawj lub koomhaum tshaj tawm tshaj tawm keeb kwm. Nws lub luag haujlwm suav nrog kev muab thiab tshaj tawm cov ntaub ntawv hais txog khoom thiab kev pabcuam. Ib xyoo tom qab, cov haujlwm ntawm Chaw Haujlwm Chaw Nyob tau them tag nrho thaj av ntawm Fabkis. Ib xyoos tom qab ntawv xov xwm raug luam tawm, hauv kev tshaj tawm xov xwm tawm tsis tu ncua, thiab tom qab ntawv - cov ntawv xov xwm "Little Afisha".
Thawj lub koomhaum tshaj tawm hauv London tau qhib xyoo 1657 hauv qab lub npe Cov Tshaj Tawm Kev Lag Luam. Ntau cov ntawv xov xwm tau pib tau nyiaj los ntawm kev tso nyiaj tshaj tawm. Txhawm rau nyiam cov tshaj tawm, lawv tau pib faib ib feem ntawm kev ncig dawb.
Benjamin Franklin yog hu ua "Txiv ntawm Asmeskas Kev Tshaj Tawm". Xyoo 1729 nws tau tsim cov ntawv xov xwm Gazete, uas muaj cov xov xwm loj tshaj plaws thiab muaj cov ncauj lus tshaj tawm ntau tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws America. Tus tsim ntawm cov neeg tshawb nrhiav hom, Edgar Allan Poe kuj tseem nyob hauv kev tshaj tawm, ua tus editor ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm "Yuzhny Vestnik".
Kev tshaj tawm hauv xov tooj cua, this vis thiab Is Taws Nem
Nrog kev tsim tawm ntawm xov tooj cua thiab TV, tshaj tawm nws qhov chaw saum huab cua. Thawj lub TV lag luam rau cov khoom lag luam tau tshwm sim hauv Tebchaws Asmeskas xyoo 1941. Tau qhia nws thaum so ntawm kev tshaj tawm hauv xov tooj cua ntawm kev sib tw ntaus pob thiab tau npaj yuav ib lub cev saib. Txij xyoo 1956, kev tshaj tawm lag luam tau tawm lawm.
Cov tsaj yau tshaj ntawm cov tshaj tawm yog Internet tshaj tawm. Tshaj tawm thawj zaug tau tshwm sim no xyoo 1993. Tab sis txij thaum ntawd los, nws txoj kev faib tawm paub tsis muaj kev txwv.
